Mechanochemical techniques for the activation and use of zero-valent metals in synthesis

Activating raw, zero-valent metals is an essential capability for chemical processes, which include synthesis and catalysis. In recent years there has been the discovery growing intensity in use of mechanical action, through utility ball mills, to facilitate activation metals. The complexity synthetic reaction systems these processing techniques can be used now reached a tipping-point, with, among others, cross-electrophile coupling, radical reactions new modes reactivity demonstrated. addition, technique milling synonymous with solvent minimization component process. this review, we demonstrate that, together, developments paint intriguing picture combination mediated by could deliver sustainable platform synthesis, catalysis future. Metals their form offer great deal potential synthesis. reliable straightforward raw materials perhaps inhibited full realization promise. This review examines emergence as reactor technology enable